Apparatus for producing electrical discharges.



Application flleil s in-as, 1910, Serial m. 55s,2sa. Ben

.; UNITED ST TES PATENT OF CE.

RUSSELL srautnme, for cmcaco, rumors, ASSIGNOR r .mancusmrn 'srautnme; or NEW Yong, N. Y. v

arrana'r'us FOR r aonuc'me ELECTRICAL DISGH ARGES.

To all whom it may coiwern Be it knownthat" I, RUSSELL SrAULbING,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new,and

useful Improvement in Apparatus for Producing Electrical Discharges, of which the following is afull, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the .accompanying drawings, forming a partof this specification.

' My invention relates to apparatus for establishing electrical discharges between space apart: electrodes and has a number of objects and advantages in View.

In'accordance with one feature of my invention, I place an electrode that is connected withone side 9f a source .of charga ing. current in such association with a plurality' of physically separated electrodes connected with'the other side of the source of charging current as to bring about discharges in difl'erent directions betweenthe first electrode and its companion electrodes.

In the preferred embodiment of the present feature of my invention, the directions of discharge are .angularlyrelated and a-plurality of electrodes in parallel relation is connected wit-h each side of the source of charging current. In accordance with another feature of myinvention, the charging current is in-.

'duced as alternating current in an induced l0Ci1""C1I'C111l3, the secondar orinduced c011v in which circuit constitutlng the source of waveform current that is to be employed and the primary or'inducing-coil that'is in transformer relation w1th the secondary coil is located, togetherwith said secondary coil,

1 in acabinet or .housingthat also desirably according'to character of current ,thatis incloses-J the electrodes and themeans for efi'ecting thefpassage of fluid, such as air orga's, through the spaces between the electrodes for the purpose of changing the emical nature'of such fluid. The primary nducing coil may have its circuit supof a motorr whose motor side is driven-by dicurrent, or j'said primary circuit may ectly-inc de'd in circuit".with a centati'onfe alt nating current generator,

Specification of Letters Patent.

- in accordance with certain features Patented J an. 7, 1913 ewed. September 19, 191a. Serial no. 721,325.

ere the apparatus of my invention is employed for ozonizing theoxygen in the air, the motor portion of the motor-generator may operate an air circulating fan or pump to promote the progress of the air through available for the operation of my apparatus. 7 I

the spaces between the electrodes in the case where 'directcurrent is the initial current that is available. -Where alternating current is the initial-current that is available, a special mot-0r may be supplied to be operated by such current merely for the purpose of eflecting the desired circulation of-the fluid that is to be subjected 'to the action of the machine. The closure to thecabinet orhousing 1s arranged to operate switching mechanism for opening the inducing circuit when the housing is open, so that while the housing is open the apparatus included thereinm-ay be inspected without danger ofhigh tension shocks to the operator, inspector or adjuster, owing to th fact that the inducing circuit for the high tension circuit. is open. While I prefer, to include the switching device in the primary circuit for the purpose of rendering the high potential induced circuit idle and therefore harmless, I do not wish to be'limited to the "inclusion of the switching device in the primary circuit. r The features of my invention above referred to will be morefully described in connection with the accompanying" drawing which also discloses invention that will be set forth. 7

In the drawing, Figure 1 is a. view in vertical sectional elevation of a machine con- .structed in accordance with my invention 1 for the purpose of ozonizing oxygen, though .I do not Wish to be limited to this use of my invention ;'Fig. is a plan view of the structure illustrated in Fig. 1 with the top removed; Fig. 3 is a side elevation, partially broken away,'illustrati ng a part of a set of electrodesas they are separably associated withthe balance of theapparatus; Fig. 4 is adiagram illustrating the circuit arrangement of apparatus constructed and arranged of my invention, as such apparatus is associated with an initial source of-direct current; Fig- 5 is another diagrammatic View illustrating the association of my apparatus with an initial source of alternating current; F ig. 6 is a view in sectional elevation of the diaother features of my phragms iliustr'atedin :Figs. 1 and 2'; and. diagrammatic view illustratingthe preferred circuit arrangement of the The 'housingor cabinet a may be of'any' 'sultab'le construction and may have any suitwith the balanceof the ablemeans, such for example as the pins cthat may be removably inserted within sockets d with an opening f in for promoting Fig. l 7 is a electrodes. I I I I I Like parts are indicated by similar char- 'acters of reference throughout'the difi'erent figures.

able closure 6 permitting and preventing access "thereto, this closure being associated in the body'portion of the housing. Inasmuch as my invention is showh in the drawing an apparatus, for ozonizing oxygen or air,[' haveprovided means thedraft of the oxygenpr through the housing, and a motor driven air pump or fan 6 located in register a partition 9' that divides the housing into't wo compartments, in one of which the electrodes k are deair to be ozonized sirably exclusively contalned and in the 7 other of whicl the balance of the'apparatus -is contained, excepting the initial source of circuit and the exclusion circuit of the motor'm and the conductors current 2' or F0 and the hand switch land plug '0 for effecting the inclusion thereof in the thereof from the that enable the primary or inducing coil a to be impressed ,with wave form current.

' through said motor,

I Referring now to the system illustrated in Fig. 4;, I have there shown a main generator 71 that produces direct current which may be included in circuit with the motor m by means of the plug switch 0 and a hand switch Z. Themotor m operates a wave form current generator 0' that desirably produces alternating current "and which is included in closed circuit with the primary winding n when the housing closure 6 is 1n place, the housing closure carrying one element 10 of a switch that connects complemental contacts 9 carried upon when said closure is in position, the switch elements p r then being in serial'relation with the primary winding n, whereby, when the closure 7) is removed, an infinite or sufficiently high resistanceis introduced in the primary circuit to effect a discontinuation of current of high potential upon the secondary circuit that includes the electrodes h and the induced or secondary coil 1- that constitutes the preferred source of wave form current for charging the said electrodes. Fuses s are, included in the conductors between the motor on and the generator 2', these fuses being suited to the load imposed upon the circuit by themotor m and, by the inducing primary coil n and the secondary circuit including the secondary coil r and the electrodes h;

housing by any suit jmary circuit is structurally illustrated in I Fig. 7. In Fig.4, rotatable bus bar 'wis illustrated for gov-.

of the complemental the body of the housing I Lighter fuses t are included in the primary circuit of Fig. lithitlj'il-TG suited to the load to the generator 0 and the current it ir'npressesupon. the coil In and which is transformed". in the secondary that is due only circuit.

' I In the arrangement shown in Fig. 5, the

motor me does not have two functions, namely a generator driving function in addition to the fan driving functiombut' has only the fan driving 'functi'om'said motor thus being in bridge of theprimary'circuit, which prishown. as also including the source of'wave form current k. In the arrangernent of Fig. 5, fuses s and t are'em-- ploved which are comparatively heavy and light respectively, the fuses 3 being adapted to the load due to the inducing and'induced coils and 1* and the mechanically loaded mot-or Wt, While the lighter fuses t are suited to the load that and 'r and their, associate parts.

ment is illustrated in is alone due to the coils a Onea-rrangement of electrodes h is illus I I .tra'tcd in Fig.4 and a simplified arrange- Fig. 5, but neither 0r these arrangements is the prefefledarrange.

the

ment, preferred arrangement being Figs. 1, 2 and 3,

and diagrammatically in I Referrm'g now to the preferred arrangementof the electrodes illustrated in Figs. 1,

2,3 and 7, I have disposedthe' electrodes connected with one terminal of the secondary coil connected with the complementalterminal of said secondary coil in another group, the electrodes of each group being, physically separated and so related with the electrodes group as to enable the discharges from each electrode to complemental electrodes to leave such electrode in different directions 'Which are desirably angular. I have provided an apparatus for producing electrical discharges including a source of wave form' current; two groups of spaced apart electrodes, the electrodes of one group being of one polarity and the electrodes of the other group being of the opposite polarit the electrodes of each group being distributed in a pluralityof rows with electrodes of the other group in a manner to enable the occurrence of discharges between each individual electrode of each group and a' plurality of electrodes of the other group. The spaces intervening between, adjacent electrodes lying inhori loo 1" in one group and the electrodes zontal planes are equal to the spaces becomplemental electrodes are substantially uniform, whereby discharges may occurfrom each of the electrodes in horizontal di- I'ections.

" provided with the adjustable bus bar. compartment of the housing that contains the electrodes is desirably provided with- One group of electrodes is provided with an adjustable bus bar u for governing the nu'mber'of electrodes included in such group that are to be chargedwith current, it being obvious that electrodes'complemental to the electrodes renderedinert by j the adjustable bus bar are also inert with respect to the inert electrodes of the group .The

means for separably associating a plurality of groups of electrodes it and, .as described, with the secondary circuiu'but one ofsuch;

' groups being indicated, provision for en-' call abling the/ connection of another group being shown. Each-set of electrodes h is we vided witha pair of terminals '21 (Fig. 3)

that are receivable in sockets containing contact springs w that constitute terminals of the secondaiycoil 1-; I have thus provided an apparatus for producin electrical'disch 'ges including a plurahty of mechaniunited electrodes,- and with respect to which said mechanically united electrodes are separable, and switch-' 4 ing mechanism for including the electrodes 30.

in circuit and'for excluding the electrodes from circuit when the electrodes are re moved, one member of the switching mechanism being mechanically united with the electrodes and a compl'ementahmember of said switching mechanism being carried by the support, and which latter member is connected with the supply circuit whereby the electrodes are automatically included in circuit when they are placed'upon their support and are excluded from circuit when they are removed. from their support. By

' providing the means for eflfectingdischarges I between each of the electrodes and complemental electrodes in difl'erent directions, a suitable action is occasioned upon the fluid passing between the electrodes, wh ich-,how-

I ever, is. not excessive and which may be amplified by duplicatingor'multiplying the number of. groups ofelectrodes- It. In the case of ozonized air or oxygen, I desirably employ a chute m that will cause the upward "deflection of the ozone so that it wilLreach' the'upper portions of the air that is to be suppliedwith the ozone and. have an opportunity to spread and mix with the air before the air treated with the ozone is used,

a mechanical guard 31, desirably of coarsemeshed screen, being included in the housing opening through which. the ozonized oxygen emerges, the guard y-being merely a protection deviceto prevent nieddlers .from interfering with the interior of the =apparatus. The partition 9 is so disposed with respect to the fan 6 as to prevent the return of the air that has once passed through the a support therefor the precise details of construction "and cirpartition. The arrangement is such that theair flows at right angles to some discharges and angularly to all dischargesgso that the air ,iscompelled to pass through all discharges. The extent to which the air is ozonized may be regulated by the adjustable bus bar it as has hitherto been proposed in, the art, but the degree of concentration cannot be regulated by the adjustable bus bar,'

and as it is desirable to vary the degree ofconcentratiomI have provided meanswhereby this result may be accomplished, this means including a valving arrangementwhereby the volume of admitted air may be regulated at will. This valving means, in the embodiment of the invention illustrated',', includes a plurality of independently in:

sertible and removable diaphragms 2 having openings differing-in size. Three such dfiaphragnis are illustrated and if the minimum,quantity of air is to be admitted, the

three diaphragms are desirably located as I of air is required, the diaphragm next to'the outermost diaphragm is removed,- leaving the innermost' diaphragm that hasthe in est opening.

18 very obvious that many otherdevices may, be employed toa'i'e'gulate the volume of the air, though I prefer the partitions z inasmuch as each may be I constructed in hinged halves whose "openings are provided with .fine meshed, screens a and between which halves a layer of felt or other air I straining material 2 may be interposed.

The motonstructure m is provided'with a hollow'base, under which or within which the-transformer, coilsn and 1' may be disx v While I have shown the preferredarrangement of the switch elements p g: and.

details of construction that I desire in what I considerto be the best ractice of'myinv to be limited to. f

vention, yet I do not wis cuit arrangement shown, as changes-jmay readily be-made without departing from the spirit of the invention. 1 Having thus described my invention, a I claim as new andif'desire to secure by Letters Patent the following"5 1. An apparatus for producing elec ztricaldischarges, including primary and second:

ary circuits containingmducing and induced COIlS respectively; electrodes includedin the secondary circuit"; a housing inclosing said electrodes and the said inducing'and induced coils', said housing having a, movable closure movable independently of said electrodes and coils; and a switching devicefor electrodes and the said inducing and opening and closing the primary circuit governed by the closure.

2. An apparatus for producing electrical discharges, including primary and secondary circuits containing inducing and induced 'coils respectively; electrodes included, in the secondary circuit; a housing 'inclosing said 1nduced coils, said housing having a movable closure movable independently of 'said electrodes and coils; and a switching device for rendering effective and ineffective the secondary circuit and governed by. the closure.

3. An apparatus for producing electrical discharges, including spaced apart electrodes between which the discharges are to occur; a source of wave form current for charging said electrodes; means for effecting the flow of air past said electrodes; and a plurality of screens located in the path of the air as it flows to the electrodes, said screens being in separable'relation whereby the number thereof may be varied for the purpose of varying the volume of air which is passed between the electrodes where the electrical discharges occur. I

4. An apparatus for producing electrical discharges including a plurality of mechanically united electrodes; a support therefor and with respect to which said mechanically united electrodes are separable; and switching mechanism for including the electrodes 1n circuit and for excluding the electrodes from circuit when the electrodes are removed, one member of the switching mechanism being provided upon the electrodes and a complemental member of said switching mechanism providedupon the support and which latter member is connected with the supply circuit, whereby the electrodes are automatically included in circuit when they are placed upon their support and are excluded from circuit when they are removed from their support.

An apparatus for producing electrical discharges including a source of Wave form current; two groups of spaced apart electrodes, the electrodes of one group being of one polarity andthe electrodes of the other group being of the opposite polarity, the electrodes of each group being distributed in a plurality of rows wi h electrodes of the other group with each electrode of each group in discharging rality of electrodes of the other group; and means whereby the air is caused to flow angularly with respect to the direction of discharges occurring between the electrodes of the two groups. 4

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name'- this 25th day of April, A. D.,

RUSSELL SPAULDING. Witnesses:

G. L. CRAGG, R. E. 'A'rHER'roN.

distance from a plui 

